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Skeletal system |
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cDNA
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Reveals gene expression in blood and stem cells.
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Helps identify unknown genes in hematopoiesis and immunity.
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Provides insight into genein health and disease.
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Osteoblasts
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CDNA reflects gene expression.
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Genomic DNA encodes essential bone-related genes.
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RNA includes transcripts for proteins and transcription factors.
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Genomic DNA
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Encodes genes for blood cell production and immune response.
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Its analysis aids diagnosis and therapy decisions in hematologic diseases
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Helps identify inherited syndromes and disease risk in bone marrow.
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Osteocytes
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Genomic DNA contains genes essential for bone regulation and structure.
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RNA defines a unique gene signature linked to bone remodeling.
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cDNA reveals molecular programs controlling their network and function
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Primary cells
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CD34 marks hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow.
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Stromal cells create a supportive environment for blood cell growth.
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Mesenchymal stem cells in bone marrow form bone, cartilage, and fat cells.
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Skeletal muscle
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CDNA shows active gene expression for muscle differentiation.
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Genomic DNA contains genes vital for muscle growth and function.
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RNA includes transcripts for proteins essential in contraction and repair.
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RNA
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Total RNA includes all RNA types in bone marrow cells for gene expression.
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microRNAs regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally.
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Mesenchymal stem cells in bone marrow form bone, cartilage, and fat cells.
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Chondrocytes
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Are the main cells in cartilage, producing and maintaining its matrix.
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Regulate cartilage repair and respond to mechanical and biochemical signals.
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Synthesize collagen, proteoglycans, and enzymes critical for cartilage strength and flexibility.
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Frozen tissue sections
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Frozen bone marrow sections are fast to prepare and preserve cell structures well.
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They keep proteins and antigens intact for accurate immunostaining.
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Useful for quick diagnosis during surgery and molecular analyses.
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Pulposus cells
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Are found in the nucleus pulposus, the soft, gelatinous center of intervertebral discs.
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Maintain disc flexibility and hydration.
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Thrive in a low-oxygen, nutrient-poor environment unique to the avascular intervertebral disc.
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Paraffin tissue sections
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Are thin, fixed slices for detailed study.
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They preserve tissue well for long-term analysis.
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Used to diagnose blood disorders with precise staining.
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Synovial cells
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Form the thin lining of joint cavities.
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Consist mainly of synoviocytes.
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Help maintain joint lubrication and cartilage nutrition.
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